NIOS CLASS 10 HINDUSTANI MUSIC Lesson 1 Introduction of Hindustani Music

 

Lesson 1

Introduction of Hindustani Music

INTEXT QUESTIONS 1.1

1. Which are the arts included in "Sangeet"?

Ans: singing, instrumental music and dance

2. Which among the three arts is foremost in "Sangeet"?

Ans: singing

3. How many systems of music are there? Name them.

Ans: two – Northern and Southern

INTEXT QUESTIONS 1.2

1. How many types of Nada are there? Name them.

Ans: two – 1. Ahat 2. Anahat

2. Write the characteristics of Nada.

Ans: three – Pitch, Intensity, Timbre

3. What do you understand by pitch and intensity of Nada?

Ans: Intensity signifies whether a Nada is louder or weak or of greater or smalleramplitude and Pitch signifies whether a Nada is high or low.

4. Who can experience Anahat Nada?

Ans: Sages

5. Is Anahat Nada useful for music?

Ans: no

INTEXT QUESTIONS 1.3

1. What is the definition of Shruti according to Sangeet Ratnakar?

Ans: ‘shravanacchrutayo matah’

2. How many viewpoints regarding the number of Shrutis are prevalent among musicologists?

Ans: three

3.. Which viewpoint regarding the number of Shrutis is most prevalent?

Ans: the viewpoint of twenty two shrutis

INTEXT QUESTIONS 1.4

1. How did the development of Vedic notes begin?

Ans: three to four, four to five and five to seven notes

2. In which treatise do Laukik notes first find mention?

Ans: Bharata’s Natya Shastra

3. How many notes in all have been mentioned in Natya Shastra?

Ans: nine – seven Shuddha, two Sadharana

4. On which Shrutis have the seven Svaras been established?

Ans: 4, 7, 9, 13, 17, 20, 22

5. Which notes can attain modified state?

Ans: Re, Ga, Ma, Dha, Ni

INTEXT QUESTIONS 1.5

1. What is meant by Saptak in the context of music?

Ans: Group of seven notes

2. How many Saptaks are used in music, name them.

Ans: three- Mandra, Madhya, Tar

3. How are the three Saptaks differentiated in notation?

Ans: dot below Svaras in mandra Saptak, no symbol in Madhya Saptak, dot above Svaras in Tara Saptak

4. When Svaras are pronounced in the three Saptaks, which parts of the body are affected?

Ans: dot below Svaras in mandra Saptak, no symbol in Madhya Saptak, dot aboveSvaras in Tara Saptak

5. Are the five Vikrit svaras are included in a saptak while singing or playing?

Ans: Yes, the five vikrit swaras are included in a saptak while singing or playing. A saptak is a scale of seven notes, and the vikrit swaras are embellishments of the basic notes. They are used to add complexity and richness to the sound.

INTEXT QUESTIONS 1.6

1. What is the meaning of Varna in the context of music?

Ans: ‘ganakriyochiyate varnah’ or various methods or embellishments used in singing and instrumental music.

2. How many Varnas are there? Name them.

Ans: four- Sthayi, Arohi, Avarohi, Sanchari.

3. What is meant by Sthayi Varna?

Ans: when a note is pronounced repeatedly.

4. What do you understand by Arohi and Avarohi Varna?

Ans: ascending and descending order of notes.

5. What is Sanchari Varna?

Ans: a combination of Sthayi, Arohi and Avarohi Varnas

INTEXT QUESTIONS 1.7

1. What is meant by Alankara in the context of music?

Ans: specific group of Varna

2. What is another name for Alankara?

Ans: Palta

3. What are the uses of Alankara?

Ans: the hand (for instrument) and throat (for singing) are prepared, knowledge ofnotes is improved, helpful in elaboration of Raga.

 

 

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