NIOS CLASS-10 HINDUSTANI MUSIC Lesson-4 Study Of Forms Dhrupad And Dhamar

 

Lesson-4

Study Of Forms

Dhrupad And Dhamar

INTEXT QUESTIONS 4.1

1. What is meant by Dhruva - Pada ?

Ans: ‘Dhruva’ means fixed and ‘Pada’ means literary content. Thus, Dhruva – Padameans a literary composition fixed (composed) in Svara and Tala.

2. What type of literature is used in Dhamar compositions.

Ans: Dhamar compositions are related mostly to Holi festival. Sometimes these arerelated to the praise and prestige of Kings and Rulers also.

3. Name the accompanying percussion instrument for Dhrupad - Dhamar ?

Ans: Pakhawaj.

4. Which tala is played with Dhamar?

Ans: Dhamar Tala

INTEXT QUESTIONS 4.2

1. In which ancient of compositional form does 'Dhrupad' have its roots?

Ans: Prabandha.

2. In which country Dhrupad was popular form?

Ans: Dhamar.

3. Which two kings were great patrons of Dhrupad and Dhamar ?

Ans: Raja Mansingh Tomar and Emperor Akbar.

4. Name the four sections of the composition of Dhrupad

Ans: Sthayi, Antara, Sanchari and Abhog.

5. Name the four Banis of Dhrupad singing and their initiators

Ans: Govarhar, Khandar, Nauhar and Dagar.

6. Name the great Dhrupad singers of the 16th century

Ans: Mian Tansen, Nayak Gopal and Nayak Bakshu.

INTEXT QUESTIONS 4.3

1. In Dhrupad and Dhamar, how is the Raga executed in Alap ?

Ans: Raga is executed in Alap with the help of mnemonics like Nom, Tom, Dere, Na, etc.

2. How does the Alap culminate?

Ans: Alap culminates into a fast rhythmic singing of mnemonics in the Jod pattern of instrumental music.

3. What is Upaj ?

Ans: Upaj is improvisation within the Raga using verses of the composition.

4. Dhamar is set to which Tala?

Ans: Dhamar is set to Dhamar Tala of fourteen beats.

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