6.IMPRESSIONISM || NIOS- Secondray Course || PANTING-225 Class-X

Chapter-6

 IMPRESSIONISM

Impressionism symbolises an Artistic movement which tends to produce an effect to mark impression of a feeling or imagination. The Artists of Impressionism came out of the studio to paint in the open air, working quickly to create an Impression of what they saw. Some of the famous artists of this movement were Monet, Manet, Renoir and Degas. While Post-Impressionism was an extension of and rejection of limitation of Impressionism, they gave more importance to the inner feelings, sense of volume and use of vibrant colours. The pioneer of this movement was Seurat, Gauguin, Cezanne and Van Gogh.

प्रभाववाद एक कलात्मक आंदोलन का प्रतीक है जो एक भावना या कल्पना की छाप को प्रभावित करने के लिए एक प्रभाव पैदा करता है। इंप्रेशन ऑफ़ द इम्प्रेशनिज़्म स्टूडियो खुले हवा में पेंट करने के लिए स्टूडियो से बाहर आया, जो उन्होंने देखा था उसका इंप्रेशन बनाने के लिए तेज़ी से काम कर रहा था। इस आंदोलन के कुछ प्रसिद्ध कलाकार मोनेट, मानेट, रेनॉयर और डेगस थे। जबकि पोस्ट-इंप्रेशनिज़्म इंप्रेशनिज़्म की सीमा का विस्तार और अस्वीकृति था, उन्होंने आंतरिक भावनाओं, मात्रा की भावना और जीवंत रंगों के उपयोग को अधिक महत्व दिया। इस आंदोलन के प्रणेता सीरत, गाउगिन, सीज़न और वान गाग थे।

GLOSSARY

1 . Acuteness - Reaching the extreme. 

2. Distinctive - Different Characteristics 

3 . Isolated - Lonely, Cut off from the society 

4. Literally - Exactly

5. Pioneer - A person who is the first to study and develop a particular area of knowledge,                                          culture, etc.

6. Spontaneity - Occurring naturally.

7. Swirling - Pattern of twist or curl 

8.Transparencies - A picture made visible by audio 

9.Whirlpool - Swinging in circular motion in sea, etc.

INTEXT QUESTIONS 6.1

Q.1. Who did paint the "Water Lilies".

Ans:Monet painted the "Water Lillies".

Q.2. What is the style of Monet's technique?

Ans:The style of Monet's technique is impressionsm.

Q.3. What did Monet want to capture in his painting?

Ans:Monet wanted to capture ever changing moods of nature in his painting.

Q.4. What is the role of sky in his paintings?

Ans:The sky is barely absent in Monet's painting.

INTEXT QUESTIONS 6.2

Q.1. What is the name of the painter of Moulin de la Galette?
 Ans:Renoir is the painter of Moulin de la Galette.
Q.2. Mention the style of the painting Moulin de la Galette.
Ans:The style of the painting Moulin de la Galette is impressionism. 
Q.3. What was Renoir's preference in choosing a theme?
 Ans:Renoir preferred group composition, portraits and female models in choosing a theme.
Q.4. What do Renoir's works show besides pleasant composition?
Ans:Renoir's works show tenderness, harmony and balance beside pleasant composition.

INTEXT QUESTIONS 6.3

Q.1. Why was Degas different from other impressionist painters?
Ans:Because his interest was in human figures. He was not interested in nature like the other impressionists.
Q.2. Which medium of colours did he prefer to use?
Ans: Degas preferred to use pastel colours in his pantings.
Q.3. Why did Degas make sculpture? 
Ans: Degas made sculpture, so that he could express rhythmic movements.
Q.4. When did he paint "Dance Class"?
Ans:Degas painted "Dance class" in 1874-1875.

                            INTEXT QUESTIONS 6.4 

1. What is Cezanne’s contribution to the development of
‘Cubism’?
Ans:Cezanne simplified the nature forms solid geometrical forms. They are cone, cyclinder and cube.
2. Write two important features of his painting “Still Life with Onions”.
Ans:The two important features  of Cezanne's paintings,"Still Life with Onions" are given below :
(a) We find the use of plane colour strokes. Composition made of perfect horizontal and vertical lines.
(b) The brilliant arrangement of three dimensional forms in  space. 
3. What is his style of painting?
Ans:Cezanne's style of paintings is post-Impressiosm.
4. Why is he regarded as "Father of Cubism"?
Ans:Because his style forms the bridge between the late 12th century Impressionism and the early 20th century Cubism.

                      INTEXT QUESTIONS 6.5

1. What does carry most importance in Van Gogh's Painting?
Ans:Colour carries most importance in Van Gogh's Pantings.
2. To which country he belonged?
Ans:Van Gogh belongs to holland.
3. Mention some of his famous paintings.
Ans:Sunflower,Potato Eater,Wheat Field and Cypresses are some of the famous paintings created by Van Gogh.
4. What does "Starry Night" convey?
Ans:"Starry Night" conveys Van Gogh's own inner conflicts and sleepless night.

  TERMINAL EXERCISES

1. What does Artistic movement Impressionism symbolises?
Ans:Impressionism is an artistic movement desires to produce an effect in art. The objectives is to mark impression of feeling or imagination in the work of art. 
2. Write a short note on the painting ‘Moulin de la Galette’.
Ans:'Moulin de la Galette' is one of the beautiful creation of Auguste Renoir. He was famous for soft, sentimental and charming paintings. His paintings are based on sharp observations to register the movement, atmosphere and images of the Persian society. In a Moulin de la Galette, Renoire paints young people leading a hillarious life. They enjoy life, picnic, dance and party. The characters are clothed in fashionable dresses and united by the use of purple, white and blue tones. 
3. Explain Van Gogh's representation in the painting ‘Starry Night’.
Ans: In all of Van Gogh’s paintings, colour carries greater importance than just the expression of the forms. He tends to depict natural scenes in terms of colours, not light and shade. In his painting ‘Starry Night’ there is a night sky filled with stars. His painting shows well balanced compositions with harmony of colours. The painting is composed with various elements like swirling cloud, glowing stars and a bright moon. In the background below the hills lies a small town with a church and small buildings. To the left of the painting there is a massive dark structure depicting top of an isolated cypress tree. The stars in the night sky are surrounded with their own orbit of light.
4. Describe the painting ‘Water Lilies’.
Ans:‘Water Lilies’ is a series of paintings created by Clude Monet. The most remarkable Feature of this painting is the Japanese Bridge'. in the painting 'Water lilies' Monet has created this bridge across apond and it serves the main objective of the painter. Although thesky is barely absent in his paintings, its brilliantreflections are painted in many vibrant colours. Besides, the fresh blossomed lilies of various series have undoubtedly enhanced the beauty of the beauty of this painting.
5. Describe the painting "Starry Night" in few words.
Ans:In the painting ‘Starry Night’ there is a night sky filled with stars. His painting shows well balanced compositions with harmony of colours. The painting is composed with various elements like swirling cloud, glowing stars and a bright moon. In the background below the hills lies a small town with a church and small buildings. To the left of the painting there is a massive dark structure depicting top of an isolated cypress tree. The stars in the night sky are surrounded with their own orbit of light.

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